The French Catholic Church Amsterdam and Religious History of the Netherlands

Now let's turn our attention to the end of the path where number 29 stands. Concealed in this house and number 30 next door is the French Catholic Church of Amsterdam. It was built secretly during the 17th century at a time when Catholic worship was outlawed in the country. The Catholics met to practice their faith secretly in a number of buildings whose exterior concealed its true purpose. Let's go inside a moment and take a seat, unless there’s a Mass in progress.

It’s quite a surprising place, isn’t it? Before taking a look round, we’re going to talk a little about the religious history of this country. If this is of little interest to you, feel free to move ahead to the next chapter entitled “A Visit of the Church ”.

Well, as with the rest of Europe, the religious history of this country began with its conversion to Catholicism and the recognition of the Pope as the leader of Christendom. Then came the Reformation in the 16th century encouraged by the teachings of Luther and Calvin. The Netherlands came out of this period a predominantly Protestant country and it’s interesting to examine why there was a massive swing to Protestantism here. Well, we mustn’t forget that the county was ruled by the Hapsburgs, fervent defenders of the Catholic faith. As often is the case, religion became an expression of opposition to the occupying force and terrible episodes of the Wars of Religion ensued in this part of Europe. Finally the region was partitioned into 2 zones: the area south of the Scheldt River - which constitutes modern day Belgium - remained Catholic whereas to the north, the Protestants regrouped themselves in the United Provinces which is where we are today. However, even if officially all the population was supposed to adhere to the official religion, Catholics were tolerated here in Amsterdam provided their worship remained unobtrusive. As their official places of worship, the churches, had been confiscated and generally taken over by the Reformed Church; they had to find other venues in which to practice their faith. As a result, a number of hidden churches were built in Amsterdam. There are at least 2 remaining which are open to the public – this one in the Beguinage gardens and another near the Oude Kirk, or Old Church. The Catholic faith has been practiced in this fashion here since the 17th century.